Skip to main content

Modeling Multiprocessor Systems


  • Synchronous Data Flow Graph (SDFG)
    The Synchronous DFG is similar to a directed graph which contains vertices and edges. Where each vertex represents the computation and the edges do the job of carrying the data from one vertex to another
    Vertex is represented by a circle whereas the edge is denoted as an arrow.


  • Homogeneous Synchronous DFG (HSDFG)
    When there is only one token at the input and only one token at the output in a SDFG, then it is said to be Homogeneous Synchronous DFG (HSDFG). Usually SDFG is converted into a HSDFG by making the input and output to have one token, so that there will be lot of small HSDFG created out of SDFG.


  • Acrylic Precedence Expansion Group (APEG)
    APEG is obtained by removing the delay elements from the SDFG. Each vertex takes inputs and giving outputs, if any such inputs contains delay, then the delay has to be removed to obtain the Acrylic Precedence Expansion Group (APEG)

Example for all the above models is given below · The above figure shows the Directed Graph which includes two instructions X and Y which belongs to Processor A (PA) and processor B (PB) respectively.
· The outputs from X are (a, b, c) and two of its outputs are sent to Y as inputs. There are two other inputs i, j are sent to Y. so the total inputs to Y is 4. This is indicated by a circle with 4 as the number of inputs. So this graph is said to be SDFG.
· To convert this in to HSDFG, there should be only one token at the input and output.
· In the above figure, there are two inputs to Y and it is being separated as one input, one from X1 and another from X2. (X1 & Y) makes one HSDFG and (X2 & Y) makes another HSDFG.
· APEG is obtained from removing the delay elements from an HSDFG. In the above figure there is no delay element between (X2 and Y), but there is a delay between (X1 and Y).
· So the following figure is APEG


Comments

Popular posts from this blog

Installing ns3 in Ubuntu 22.04 | Complete Instructions

In this post, we are going to see how to install ns-3.36.1 in Ubuntu 22.04. You can follow the video for complete details Tools used in this simulation: NS3 version ns-3.36.1  OS Used: Ubuntu 22.04 LTS Installation of NS3 (ns-3.36.1) There are some changes in the ns3 installation procedure and the dependencies. So open a terminal and issue the following commands Step 1:  Prerequisites $ sudo apt update In the following packages, all the required dependencies are taken care and you can install all these packages for the complete use of ns3. $ sudo apt install g++ python3 python3-dev pkg-config sqlite3 cmake python3-setuptools git qtbase5-dev qtchooser qt5-qmake qtbase5-dev-tools gir1.2-goocanvas-2.0 python3-gi python3-gi-cairo python3-pygraphviz gir1.2-gtk-3.0 ipython3 openmpi-bin openmpi-common openmpi-doc libopenmpi-dev autoconf cvs bzr unrar gsl-bin libgsl-dev libgslcblas0 wireshark tcpdump sqlite sqlite3 libsqlite3-dev  libxml2 libxml2-dev libc6-dev libc6-dev-i386 libc...

Installation of NS2 (ns-2.35) in Ubuntu 20.04

Installation of NS2 (ns-2.35) in Ubuntu 20.04 LTS Step 1: Install the basic libraries like      $] sudo apt install build-essential autoconf automake libxmu-dev Step 2: install gcc-4.8 and g++-4.8 open the file using sudo mode $] sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list Include the following line deb http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu bionic main universe $] sudo apt update $] sudo apt install gcc-4.8 g++-4.8 Step 3:  Unzip the ns2 packages to home folder $] tar zxvf ns-allinone-2.35.tar.gz $] cd ns-allinone-2.35/ns-2.35 Modify the following make files. ~ns-2.35/Makefile.in Change @CC@ to gcc-4.8 change @CXX@ to g++-4.8 ~nam-1.15/Makefile.in ~xgraph-12.2/Makefile.in ~otcl-1.14/Makefile.in Change in all places  @CC@ to gcc-4.8 @CPP@ or @CXX@ to g++-4.8 open the file: ~ns-2.35/linkstate/ls.h Change at the Line no 137  void eraseAll() { erase(baseMap::begin(), baseMap::end()); } to This void eraseAll() { this->erase(baseMap::begin(), baseMap::end()); } All changes ...

Installation of NS2 in Ubuntu 22.04 | NS2 Tutorial 2

NS-2.35 installation in Ubuntu 22.04 This post shows how to install ns-2.35 in Ubuntu 22.04 Operating System Since ns-2.35 is too old, it needs the following packages gcc-4.8 g++-4.8 gawk and some more libraries Follow the video for more instructions So, here are the steps to install this software: To download and extract the ns2 software Download the software from the following link http://sourceforge.net/projects/nsnam/files/allinone/ns-allinone-2.35/ns-allinone-2.35.tar.gz/download Extract it to home folder and in my case its /home/pradeepkumar (I recommend to install it under your home folder) $ tar zxvf ns-allinone-2.35.tar.gz or Right click over the file and click extract here and select the home folder. $ sudo apt update $ sudo apt install build-essential autoconf automake libxmu-dev gawk To install gcc-4.8 and g++-4.8 $ sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list make an entry in the above file deb http://in.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ bionic main universe $ sudo apt update Since, it...