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LEACH protocol installation in ns2 (ns-2.35)

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This post shows you the method to install the LEACH protocol developed by MIT called MIT-uAMPS which was developed in the year 2000. So you may face some problem in installing this protocol in recent Operating Systems.

I have tried to compile this protocol in ns-2.35 which was running under Ubuntu 14.04 64 bit OS
Here is the requirement before you proceed to install.
Assumptions:
Assuming that you have successfully installed ns-2.35 before you start compiling LEACH. If you need any help in installing ns2, refer this post. http://www.nsnam.com/2014/11/ns2-installation-in-ubuntu-1404.html

  • Install gcc-4.4 and g++-4.4 for compiling this LEACH (but the recommended is gcc-4.3 but it is not there in the synaptic package manager)
  • To install the above, first you tries these packages
sudo apt-get update 
sudo apt-get install build-essential autoconf automake libxmu-dev gcc-4.4 g++-4.4

Please see the video for more instructions 




Installation of LEACH in ns-2.35 

From the downloaded files , copy both the leach-setup.sh and the ns-leach-2.35.tar.gz in the same folder. Open the terminal and run as shown below.

$] sh leach-setup.sh
After the above step, all files will be unzipped and copied to their locations and now an 

Important Step

The following four files contains some path information about other files, these path information have to be updated in these files. Also these four files are located at two different locations. 
Location1: /home/pradeepkumar/ns-allinone-2.35/ns-2.35/mit/uAMPS/ 
Location2: /home/pradeepkumar/ns-allinone-2.35/ns-2.35/tcl/mobility/ 
Change the paths as mentioned in the video and replace the files at both the location with the updated path information.  
leach.tcl
leach-c.tcl
mte.tcl
stat-clus.tcl 

To test LEACH Protocol

To test leach protocol, go to this folder
$] cd ns-allinone-2.35/ns-2.35/
$] ./leach_test

once done, go to the folder
$] cd mit/leach_sims/
LEACH
Leach Protocol

open the files leach.out or anything with the name leach.* (these data are relevant to LEACH), if you want to run leach-c, change the line alg=leach-c in the file leach_test  

Thats it!!!!! 

I have given the elaborate information on LEACH, for any doubts, refer http://www.nsnam.com,

Please comment below, if you got any further inputs or updates. 
Thanks to http://anupamasikchi.blogspot.in/ (for information related to LEACH, all the particulars given in this link is reflected in my code).

T S Pradeep Kumar
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Comments

  1. UnknownMarch 16, 2019 at 1:08 PM

    sir I have found a problem during running of leach "./leach_test: line 37: ns: command not found"

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. DUNGNNApril 29, 2020 at 9:26 PM

      You need to watch the video carefully and set the environment variables
      PATH
      LD_LIBRARY_PATH
      TCL_LIBRARY

      Delete
  2. GowdhupsgSeptember 29, 2019 at 8:41 AM

    hi how to create nam file for leach protocol

    ReplyDelete
  3. UnknownDecember 19, 2019 at 3:16 PM

    Sir, I am unable to install gcc-4.4
    It says, Package gcc-4.4 is not available, but is referred to by another package.
    This may mean that the package is missing, has been obsoleted, or
    is only available from another source

    Package g++-4.4 is not available, but is referred to by another package.
    This may mean that the package is missing, has been obsoleted, or
    is only available from another source


    So, what is the alternative for this
    ?

    ReplyDelete
  4. AyanFebruary 11, 2020 at 11:18 AM

    And now, I had to reinstall ns2. Thank you.

    ReplyDelete
  5. OuijdaneApril 7, 2020 at 7:49 PM

    Hi sir, please how to create nam file for leach protocol

    ReplyDelete
  6. OuijdaneApril 7, 2020 at 7:50 PM

    Hi sir, please how to create nam file for leach protocol

    ReplyDelete
  7. UnknownJuly 28, 2020 at 4:26 PM

    hello doctor, can you help me please where to find or any other idea about Energy Efficient Clustering Scheme(EECS)?

    ReplyDelete
  8. Paulomi DebnathAugust 26, 2020 at 2:22 PM

    Sir, while installation of LEACH protocol, I was unable to copy paste the shell file and then I had to do that manually. After installation, the LEACH file showed some error but the LEACH-C file was running smoothly. I don't know what is going on.

    ReplyDelete
  9. AshaApril 15, 2021 at 4:15 PM

    Sir, Clear the given error
    make: *** No rule to make target 'mit/rca/rcagent.c', needed by 'mit/rca/rcagent.o'. Stop.
    Ns make failed!
    See http://www.isi.edu/nsnam/ns/ns-problems.html for problems

    ReplyDelete
    Replies
    1. Irak RigiaApril 10, 2023 at 6:38 PM

      Open ns-allinone-2.35/ns-2.35/Makfile.in. Replace the line $(OBJ_MIT:.o=.c) with $(OBJ_MIT:.o=.cc).

      Delete
    2. irakrApril 10, 2023 at 6:41 PM

      Open the file ns-allinone-2.35/ns-2.35/Makefile.in. Replace the line $(OBJ_MIT:.o=.c) with $(OBJ_MIT:.o=.cc).

      Delete

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